GAS LAWS

The following are the basic laws that govern the behavior of gases.
1. Boyle's law: This states that at a constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume. This means that as the pressure increases, the volume decreases and vice versa.

(Initial Pressure) x (Initial Volume) = (Final Pressure) x (Final Volume)

Examples: 

• As the pressure in a balloon is increased, it expands continuously until it can no longer do so and then burst open. 
• Air rushes into the lungs from outside when the chest cavity expands to increase its volume because the pressure within the thoracic cavity decreases. When the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases, the intra-thoracic pressure increases and the air is pushed out. 

2. Charles' law: This states that at a constant pressure, the volume of a gas varies directly as its temperature. This means that when the temperature increases, the pressure also increases and vice versa.

   Initial Volume      =   Final Volume      
Initial Temperature       Final Temperature

Examples: 
If you increase the temperature on a balloon at atmospheric pressure, the volume increases as well.

3. Gay-Lussac's law: This states that at a constant volume, the pressure of a gas varies directly as its temperature. This means that when the temperature increases, the pressure also increases and vice versa.

   Initial Pressure      =   Final Pressure      
Initial Temperature       Final Temperature