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Tuesday, January 6, 2015

THE PROCESS OF MITOSIS

The stages of the cell cycle can be broken down into five stages:

  • Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
Interphase 
  • This is the resting phase of the cell cycle. 
  • It is consist of G1, S, and G2 stages of the cell cycle. 
  • During the S phase of Interphase, DNA is replicated. 

Prophase 
  • This is the first stage of mitosis.
  • The chromosomes condense and become visible.
  • The centrioles form and move toward the opposite ends of the cell called "the poles".
  • The nuclear membrane dissolves.
  • The mitotic spindle forms (from the centrioles in animal cells).
  • Spindle fibers from each centriole attach to each sister chromatid at the kinetochore.

Metaphase
  • This is the second stage of mitosis.
  • The centrioles complete their migration to the poles.
  • The chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell referred "the equator".

Anaphase
  • This is the third stage of mitosis.
  • Spindles attached to kinetochores begin to shorten.
  • This exerts a force on the sister chromatids that pulls them apart.
  • Spindle fibers continue to shorten, pulling chromatids to opposite poles.
  • This ensures that each daughter cell gets identical sets of chromosomes

Telophase
  • This is the fourth stage of mitosis.
  • The chromosomes decondense.
  • The nuclear envelope forms.
  • Cytokinesis reaches completion and two daughter cells are created.
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